CVE-2026-79773

mediumpriority · track · 20EPSS 0.005 · 42 %ileUS
grimoire priorityP3 · Track
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.49% (42nd) EPSS
CVSS 4.9 · medium
Is it mine?
1 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
1 sources
osv

EPSS · scored 2026-10-28

Winter CMS before 1.2.13 contains a local file inclusion vulnerability in the JavascriptImporter filter that allows authenticated users with cms.manage_assets permission to disclose arbitrary server-readable files by placing =include or =require directives in theme JavaScript assets. Attackers can reference files like .env outside the theme directory, and the combined output served through the combine route becomes readable by unauthenticated visitors, exposing application keys and database credentials.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

6.9
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode

v3.14.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Nprimary · disclosure@vulncheck.comexploitability 1.2 · impact 3.6
v3.14.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v4.06.9mediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · disclosure@vulncheck.com
v4.04.6mediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Trackcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (1)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (1)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • GHSA-2223-f22x-24cqWinter: Local File Inclusion through =include directives in JavaScript asset compilation2026-08-20ghsa · osvUS

    ### Impact Affected versions of Winter CMS allow authenticated backend users with the `cms.manage_assets` permission ("Manage website assets - images, JavaScript files, CSS files") to disclose arbitrary files readable by the PHP process by placing an `=include` / `=require` directive in a theme JavaScript asset. `Winter\Storm\Parse\Assetic\Filter\JavascriptImporter` processes `=include` / `=require` directives found in comment blocks of JavaScript assets passed through `System\Classes\CombineAssets`. The directive target was resolved relative to the including file's own directory with `realpath()` and inlined into the combined output with no confinement check, so a directive such as `=include ../../../.env` escaped the theme's asset tree and inlined an arbitrary server-readable file. The only restriction was that the target had to have a file extension, since extension-less names had `.js` appended to them. Because the combined output is served through the `combine/{file}` route, which performs no authentication or authorization checks, the disclosed contents then became readable by **unauthenticated** visitors at a stable URL as soon as the asset was referenced by any template. The leaked content includes any file the web process can read, most importantly the application `.env` file (disclosing `APP_KEY` and database credentials). Text files were disclosed intact; binary content was mangled by the minification pipeline. This is the JavaScript-importer counterpart of GHSA-58fp-mcx6-7qf9 (Local File Inclusion through LESS `@import` directives) and of CVE-2023-52085 / GHSA-2x7r-93ww-cxrq — the same vulnerability class reached through a different asset combiner filter. To actively exploit this issue, an attacker would need an authenticated backend account with the `cms.manage_assets` permission. By default this permission is assigned to the built-in Developer role. The Winter CMS maintainers strongly recommend that the `cms.manage_assets` permission only be reserved to trusted administrators and developers in general, as it grants direct write access to files that are combined and served publicly. ### Patches `JavascriptImporter` in [Winter Storm](https://github.com/wintercms/storm) now applies two independent gates to every `=include` / `=require` target: 1. Only `.js` targets may be inlined. Any other extension is rejected before path resolution, which neutralises disclosure of non-JavaScript server files such as `.env`, `.php`, and `.log`. Extension-less includes are unaffected, as they are resolved to `.js` before this check, exactly as before. 2. The resolved path must lie within the including file's own directory subtree or one of the caller-configured allowed import roots, enforced through the new `PathResolver::withinAny()` helper. A rejected include emits a comment in place of the file contents (or throws, if the directive was `=require`). The allowed-roots configuration is now shared between the JavaScript importer and the LESS compiler through a `HasAllowedImportRoots` trait, and `System\Classes\CombineAssets` configures both — along with the CSS `@import` filter, using the import validator added in `assetic/framework` v3.2.1 — with `themes_path()`, `plugins_path()`, and `base_path('modules')` as the allowed roots. This preserves the cross-tree imports that shipped themes and plugins legitimately use (e.g. a plugin asset importing a module asset) while confining everything else. The backend permission descriptions for `cms.manage_assets` and `cms.manage_content` now also carry the same "should only be given to trusted users" warning that was already displayed for `cms.manage_pages`, `cms.manage_layouts`, and `cms.manage_partials`. This security issue has been fixed in [v1.2.13](https://github.com/wintercms/winter/commit/e09c8d3526f3583cb6c3476a021b885088ecd4bd) (Winter core) and [v1.2.13](https://github.com/wintercms/storm/commit/fd673f4f32140c97c68b1ed705764b819747fbdf) (Winter Storm). ### Workarounds If you cannot upgrade, apply https://github.com/wintercms/storm/commit/fd673f4f32140c97c68b1ed705764b819747fbdf and https://github.com/wintercms/winter/commit/e09c8d3526f3583cb6c3476a021b885088ecd4bd manually. As an interim mitigation, remove the `cms.manage_assets` permission from any role that is not held by a fully trusted administrator or developer, and audit existing theme `.js` assets for `=include` / `=require` directives that resolve outside the theme's own asset directory. ### References - https://github.com/wintercms/winter/security/advisories/GHSA-58fp-mcx6-7qf9 — the LESS `@import` counterpart of this issue, which shares the same root cause and hardening approach. - https://github.com/wintercms/winter/security/advisories/GHSA-2x7r-93ww-cxrq (CVE-2023-52085) — earlier Local File Inclusion through LESS compilation. Credit to Zyad Mohamed Elmahy ([@elmahy111](https://github.com/elmahy111)) for reporting the issue. ### For more information If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: - Email us at [hello@wintercms.com](mailto:hello@wintercms.com)

06

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

published 2026-08-25modified 2026-08-28
07

references (4) nvd

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

scry

Attackers weaponise vulnerabilities like this against internet-exposed services. See what is exposed on your perimeter with a free passive scan.

Free scan