CVE-2026-44459

lowpriority · track · 0EPSS 0.002 · 12 %ileEUUS
grimoire priorityP3 · Track
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.22% (12th) EPSS
CVSS 3.8 · low
Is it mine?
3 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
4 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · nvd · osv

EPSS · scored 2026-10-27

Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.12.18, improper validation of the JWT NumericDate claims exp, nbf, and iat in hono/utils/jwt allows tokens with non-spec-compliant claim values to silently bypass time-based checks. This issue is not exploitable by an anonymous attacker; it only manifests when a malformed claim value reaches verify() — typically when the application itself issues such tokens, or when the signing key is otherwise under attacker control. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.12.18.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

3.8
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode

v3.13.8lowCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:Nsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.13.8lowCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:Nsecondary · security-advisories@github.comexploitability 1.2 · impact 2.5
v3.13.8lowCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v3.13.5lowCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Trackcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (3)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (1)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • GHSA-hm8q-7f3q-5f36Hono has improper validation of NumericDate claims (exp, nbf, iat) in JWT verify()2026-05-09ghsa · osvUS

    ### Summary Improper validation of the JWT NumericDate claims `exp`, `nbf`, and `iat` in `hono/utils/jwt` allows tokens with non-spec-compliant claim values to silently bypass time-based checks. This issue is not exploitable by an anonymous attacker; it only manifests when a malformed claim value reaches `verify()` — typically when the application itself issues such tokens, or when the signing key is otherwise under attacker control. ### Details The validation routine combined option, presence, and threshold checks in a single short-circuiting expression, so several classes of malformed values were silently skipped instead of rejected: - A falsy numeric value short-circuited the presence check. - A non-finite numeric value compared as never-after-now and never-expired. - A non-numeric type produced NaN comparisons that evaluated false. This deviates from RFC 7519 §4.1.4, which defines NumericDate as a finite JSON numeric value. ### Impact An actor able to issue tokens accepted by the application may craft tokens whose `exp`, `nbf`, or `iat` claims silently bypass time-based enforcement. This may lead to: - Tokens treated as never expiring even with `exp` configured on the verifier. - Tokens with a future `nbf` accepted as currently valid. - Tokens with a future `iat` accepted as legitimately issued. Deployments using a well-formed token issuer and protecting the signing key are not affected.

06

also known as (3)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

07

sources

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published 2026-05-13modified 2026-10-26
08

references (4)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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