CVE-2026-28699

highpriority · track · 10OT risk · elevatedEPSS 0.006 · 46 %ileexploit · PoCDEEURUUS
grimoire priorityP1 · Urgent
Exploitable?
Public exploit
1 exploit · PoC
Likely / severe?
0.55% (46th) EPSS
CVSS 8.1 · high
Is it mine?
6 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
5 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · fstec_bdu · osv

EPSS · scored 2026-10-26

Gitea versions up to and including 1.26.1 allow OAuth2 access token scope enforcement to be bypassed through HTTP Basic authentication.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

8.1
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode

v3.18.1highAV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · FSTEC (BDU) RU
v3.18.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.18.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondaryexploitability 2.8 · impact 5.2
v3.18.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v3.17.7highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N/E:Psecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical Impact: totalcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

exploits (1)

Public proof-of-concept and weaponised exploit code.

05

affected products (6)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

06

advisories (3)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • WID-SEC-W-2026-1637Gitea: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2026-05-21csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Gitea ausnutzen, um möglicherweise erweiterte Privilegien zu erlangen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen oder Daten zu manipulieren und offenzulegen.

  • GHSA-9r5x-wg6m-x2rcGitea: OAuth2 access token scope enforcement bypass via HTTP Basic authentication2026-06-16ghsa · osvUS

    ### Summary Gitea fails to enforce OAuth2 access token scopes when the token is submitted via HTTP Basic authentication instead of a Bearer token. An OAuth2 application granted only `read:user` can use the same token as `Authorization: Basic base64(<token>:x-oauth-basic)` and perform write actions, including modifying profiles, adding email addresses, creating repositories, and deleting repositories as the authorizing user. ### Details **Root cause:** `services/auth/basic.go` accepts OAuth2 access tokens through the Basic auth path but does not store the token scope in the request context: ```go // services/auth/basic.go if uid != 0 { store.GetData()["LoginMethod"] = OAuth2TokenMethodName store.GetData()["IsApiToken"] = true // scope is NOT set return u, nil } ``` The scope enforcement middleware in `routers/api/v1/api.go` exits early when `ApiTokenScope` is absent: ```go // routers/api/v1/api.go — tokenRequiresScopes scope, scopeExists := ctx.Data["ApiTokenScope"].(auth_model.AccessTokenScope) if ctx.Data["IsApiToken"] != true || !scopeExists { return //<- exits without checking scope, all actions permitted } ``` When a token arrives via Bearer, `ApiTokenScope` is populated and scope checks apply normally. When the same token arrives via Basic auth, `ApiTokenScope` is never set, so `tokenRequiresScopes` returns immediately and no scope is enforced. **Suggested fix:** When an OAuth2 access token is accepted in `services/auth/basic.go`, populate `ApiTokenScope` in the request context identically to the Bearer-token OAuth2 path. ### PoC 1. Create an OAuth2 application in Gitea. 2. Authorize it as a normal user with scope `read:user` only. 3. Take the resulting access token and call a write endpoint both ways: **Bearer | correctly blocked:** ``` Authorization: Bearer <token> PATCH /api/v1/user/settings -> 403 Forbidden ``` **Basic | bypass:** ``` Authorization: Basic base64(<token>:x-oauth-basic) PATCH /api/v1/user/settings -> 200 OK ``` **All verified bypass endpoints using a `read:user`-only token:** | Endpoint | Bearer | Basic | |---|---|---| | `PATCH /api/v1/user/settings` | 403 | 200 | | `POST /api/v1/user/emails` | 403 | 200 | | `POST /api/v1/user/repos` | 403 | 200 | | `PATCH /api/v1/repos/{owner}/{repo}` | 403 | 200 | | `DELETE /api/v1/repos/{owner}/{repo}` | 403 | 200 | The bypass respects the user's normal repository permissions, it does not grant access to repositories the user cannot otherwise reach, and does not escalate to admin. ### Impact Any OAuth2 application with any restricted scope can silently operate beyond its granted permissions by switching from Bearer to Basic auth. An attacker who obtains a token (e.g. via a malicious OAuth2 app a user authorized) can: - Modify the victim's profile and settings - Add attacker-controlled email addresses to the victim's account - Create repositories as the victim - Modify or delete the victim's private repositories The entire OAuth2 scope system is effectively bypassed for any token submitted via Basic auth.

  • GO-2026-5299Gitea: OAuth2 access token scope enforcement bypass via HTTP Basic authentication in code.gitea.io/gitea2026-06-25vendor · osvUS

    Gitea: OAuth2 access token scope enforcement bypass via HTTP Basic authentication in code.gitea.io/gitea

07

also known as (6)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

08

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

09

references (13)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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