CVE-2026-28465

highpriority · track · 30OT risk · elevatedEPSS 0.004 · 34 %ileDEEUUS
grimoire priorityP2 · Scheduled
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.40% (34th) EPSS
CVSS 7.5 · high
Is it mine?
6 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
5 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · cert_bund · nvd

EPSS · scored 2026-10-27

OpenClaw's voice-call plugin versions before 2026.2.3 contain an improper authentication vulnerability in webhook verification that allows remote attackers to bypass verification by supplying untrusted forwarded headers. Attackers can spoof webhook events by manipulating Forwarded or X-Forwarded-* headers in reverse-proxy configurations that implicitly trust these headers.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

8.2
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 4.6–8.2

v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Nprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6
v3.15.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Nsecondary · disclosure@vulncheck.comexploitability 2.2 · impact 3.6
v3.15.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v4.08.2highCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:Nsecondary · ENISA EU
v4.08.2highCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · disclosure@vulncheck.com
v4.04.6mediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Xsecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Trackcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (6)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (2)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • WID-SEC-W-2026-0424OpenClaw: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2026-02-15csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer kann diese Schwachstellen in OpenClaw ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, sich erhöhte Berechtigungen zu verschaffen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, Daten zu manipulieren, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder andere, nicht näher bezeichnete Angriffe durchzuführen.

  • GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79xOpenClaw optional voice-call plugin: webhook verification may be bypassed behind certain proxy configurations2026-02-17ghsa · osvUS

    ## Affected Packages / Versions This issue affects the optional voice-call plugin only. It is not enabled by default; it only applies to installations where the plugin is installed and enabled. - Package: `@openclaw/voice-call` - Vulnerable versions: `< 2026.2.3` - Patched versions: `>= 2026.2.3` Legacy package name (if you are still using it): - Package: `@clawdbot/voice-call` - Vulnerable versions: `<= 2026.1.24` - Patched versions: none published under this package name; migrate to `@openclaw/voice-call` ## Summary In certain reverse-proxy / forwarding setups, webhook verification can be bypassed if untrusted forwarded headers are accepted. ## Impact An external party may be able to send voice-call webhook requests that are accepted as valid, which can result in spoofed webhook events being processed. ## Root Cause Some deployments implicitly trusted forwarded headers (for example `Forwarded` / `X-Forwarded-*`) when determining request properties used during webhook verification. If those headers are not overwritten by a trusted proxy, a client can supply them directly and influence verification. ## Resolution Ignore forwarded headers by default unless explicitly trusted and allowlisted in configuration. Keep any loopback-only development bypass restricted to local development only. Upgrade to a patched version. If you cannot upgrade immediately, strip `Forwarded` and `X-Forwarded-*` headers at the edge so clients cannot supply them directly. ## Fix Commit(s) - `a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f` ## Credits Thanks `@0x5t` for reporting.

06

also known as (3)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

07

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

published 2026-03-05modified 2026-06-17
08

references (10)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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