CVE-2025-66474
highpriority · track · 35EPSS 0.010 · 63 %ileDEEURUUSEPSS · scored 2026-10-27
XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Versions 16.10.9 and below, 17.0.0-rc-1 through 17.4.2 and 17.5.0-rc-1 through 17.5.0 have insufficient protection against {{/html}} injection, which attackers can exploit through RCE. Any user who can edit their own profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros, including Groovy and Python macros, which enable remote code execution as well as unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. This issue is fixed in versions 16.10.10, 17.4.3 and 17.6.0-rc-1.
cvss
Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.
base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 6.3–8.8
ssvc
A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.
weaknesses
The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.
affected products (18)
Products and version ranges known to be affected.
- Maven org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml< 16.10.10osvUSpkg:maven/org.xwiki.rendering/xwiki-rendering-xml
- Maven org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml17.0.0-rc-1 → 17.4.3osvUSpkg:maven/org.xwiki.rendering/xwiki-rendering-xml
- Maven org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml17.5.0-rc-1 → 17.6.0-rc-1osvUSpkg:maven/org.xwiki.rendering/xwiki-rendering-xml
advisories (2)
Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.
- WID-SEC-W-2025-2815xwiki: Schwachstelle ermöglicht CodeausführungDeutsch2025-12-10csaf · cert_bundDE
Ein entfernter, authentisierter Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in xwiki ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.
- GHSA-9xc6-c2rm-f27pXWiki vulnerable to remote code execution through insufficient protection against {{/html}} injection2025-12-10ghsa · osvUS
### Impact Any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros with insufficient escaping, and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights. To demonstrate, the content `{{html}}{{/html {{/html}}}}` can be inserted into any field of the user profile that supports wiki syntax like the "About" field. If this leads to the display of raw HTML, the instance is vulnerable. ### Patches This problem has been patched by extending the escaping introduced by [XRENDERING-693](https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693) to also cover closing HTML macros that have spaces after the macro name in XWiki 16.10.10, 17.4.3 and 17.6.0RC1. A [similar fix](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/12b780ccd5bca5fc8f74f46648d7e02fa04fbc11) has been applied in `org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-oldcore` as an extra safety net, see [XWIKI-23378](https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-23378). At this point, we're not aware that this extra safety net would be required for security. The patch also fixes the injection of opening HTML macro syntaxes, e.g., with `{{html}}{{html{{/html}}}}` which disrupts the rendering of the user profile but for which we haven't found any further security impact apart from the disruption of the UI. ### Workarounds We're not aware of any workarounds except for upgrading the affected module to a version with a fix.
also known as (4)
Other names and identifiers for this entity.
sources
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references (23)
External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2025-66474cnnvd
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/12b780ccd5bca5fc8f74f46648d7e02fa04fbc11cnnvd
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/9b71a2ee035815cfc29cebbfe81dbdd98f941d49cnnvd
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security/advisories/GHSA-9xc6-c2rm-f27pcnnvd
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693cnnvd
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-792cnnvd
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-793cnnvd
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-23378cnnvd
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