CVE-2025-54997

criticalpriority · track · 0EPSS 0.004 · 34 %ileDEEURUUS
grimoire priorityP2 · Scheduled
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.40% (34th) EPSS
CVSS 9.1 · critical
Is it mine?
12 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
6 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · fstec_bdu · osv

EPSS · scored 2026-10-27

OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

9.1
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · high–critical · 8.3–9.1

v3.19.1criticalAV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · FSTEC (BDU) RU
v3.19.1criticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.19.1criticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · security-advisories@github.comexploitability 2.3 · impact 6
v3.19.1criticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · OSV
v3.18.3highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical Impact: totalcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (12)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (4)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • WID-SEC-W-2025-1855OpenBao: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2025-08-17csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein entfernter, authentisierter oder anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in OpenBao ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen, Root-Rechte zu erlangen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen und vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen.

  • GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhpPrivileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host2025-08-08ghsa · osvUS

    ### Impact Under certain threat models, OpenBao operators with privileged API access may not be system administrators and thus normally lack the ability to update binaries or execute code on the system. Additionally, privileged API operators should be unable to perform TCP connections to arbitrary hosts in the environment OpenBao is executing within. The API-driven audit subsystem granted privileged API operators the ability to do both with an attacker-controlled log prefix. Access to these endpoints should be restricted. ### Patches OpenBao v2.3.2 will patch this issue. ### Workarounds Users may deny all access to the `sys/audit/*` interface (with `create` and `update`) permission via policies with explicit deny grants. This would not restrict `root` level operators, however, for whom there are no workarounds. This interface allowed arbitrary filesystem and network (write) access as the user the OpenBao server was running as; in conjunction with allowing custom plugins or other system processes this may enable code execution. ### References This issue was disclosed to HashiCorp and is the OpenBao equivalent of the following tickets: - https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-14-privileged-vault-operator-may-execute-code-on-the-underlying-host/76033 - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6000

  • BIT-openbao-2025-54997OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host2026-07-27vendor · osvUS

    OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.

  • GO-2025-3858Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host in github.com/openbao/openbao2025-08-11vendor · osvUS

    Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host in github.com/openbao/openbao. NOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions. (If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.) The additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/openbao/openbao before v2.3.2.

06

also known as (7)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

07

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

08

references (14)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

scry

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