CVE-2025-32030
highpriority · track · 0EPSS 0.005 · 44 %ileEUUSEPSS · scored 2026-10-27
Apollo Gateway provides utilities for combining multiple GraphQL microservices into a single GraphQL endpoint. Prior to 2.10.1, a vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically during named fragment expansion. Named fragments were being expanded once per fragment spread during query planning, leading to exponential resource usage when deeply nested and reused fragments were involved. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. This has been remediated in @apollo/gateway version 2.10.1.
cvss
Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.
base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 6.9–7.5
ssvc
A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.
weaknesses
The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.
affected products (3)
Products and version ranges known to be affected.
advisories (1)
Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.
- GHSA-q2f9-x4p4-7xmhApollo Gateway Query Planner Vulnerable to Excessive Resource Consumption via Named Fragment Expansion2025-04-07ghsa · osvUS
# Impact ## Summary A vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically during named fragment expansion. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. ## Details Named fragments were being expanded once per fragment spread during query planning, leading to exponential resource usage when deeply nested and reused fragments were involved. ## Fix/Mitigation A new **Query Fragment Expansion Limit** metric has been introduced: - This metric computes the number of selections a query would have if its fragment spreads were fully expanded. - The metric is checked against a limit to prevent excessive computation. # Patches This has been remediated in `@apollo/gateway` version 2.10.1. # Workarounds No known direct workarounds exist. # References [Query Planning Documentation](https://www.apollographql.com/docs/graphos/reference/federation/query-plans) ## Acknowledgements We appreciate the efforts of the security community in identifying and improving the performance and security of query planning mechanisms.
also known as (3)
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sources
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references (10)
External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2025-32030cnnvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236cnnvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/releases/tag/%40apollo%2Fgateway%402.10.1cnnvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/security/advisories/GHSA-q2f9-x4p4-7xmhcnnvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236enisa_euvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/releases/tag/%40apollo%2Fgateway%402.10.1enisa_euvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/security/advisories/GHSA-q2f9-x4p4-7xmhenisa_euvd
- https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236Issue TrackingPatchnvd
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