CVE-2025-21647

highpriority · track · 28EPSS 0.003 · 20 %ileDEEURUUS

grimoire priorityP2 · Scheduled

Exploitable?

—

no known exploitation

Likely / severe?

0.28% (20th) EPSS

CVSS 7.1 · high

Is it mine?

68 products

Check your exposure

Who says so?

7 sources

cnnvd · enisa_euvd · fstec_bdu · cert_bund

EPSS · scored 2026-10-23

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched: sch_cake: add bounds checks to host bulk flow fairness counts Even though we fixed a logic error in the commit cited below, syzbot still managed to trigger an underflow of the per-host bulk flow counters, leading to an out of bounds memory access. To avoid any such logic errors causing out of bounds memory accesses, this commit factors out all accesses to the per-host bulk flow counters to a series of helpers that perform bounds-checking before any increments and decrements. This also has the benefit of improving readability by moving the conditional checks for the flow mode into these helpers, instead of having them spread out throughout the code (which was the cause of the original logic error). As part of this change, the flow quantum calculation is consolidated into a helper function, which means that the dithering applied to the ost load scaling is now applied both in the DRR rotation and when a sparse flow's quantum is first initiated. The only user-visible effect of this is that the maximum packet size that can be sent while a flow stays sparse will now vary with +/- one byte in some cases. This should not make a noticeable difference in practice, and thus it's not worth complicating the code to preserve the old behaviour.

remediations

Vendor fix, mitigation, or workaround guidance, as published by each source.

A vendor fix is available.

Fixedkernel-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-abi-stablelists-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.noarch as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-core-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-cross-headers-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-core-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-devel-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-devel-matched-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-modules-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-modules-core-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-modules-extra-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-debug-uki-virt-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-devel-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-devel-matched-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-doc-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.noarch as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-headers-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-modules-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-modules-core-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-modules-extra-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-tools-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-tools-libs-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-tools-libs-devel-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-uki-virt-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedkernel-uki-virt-addons-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedlibperf-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedperf-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedpython3-perf-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedrtla-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Fixedrv-0:5.14.0-570.86.1.el9_6.x86_64 as component of SUSE Liberty Linux 9.6 EMSsuse_csaf
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
MitigationSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemsiemens_psirt
Limit access to the interactive shell of the additional GNU/Linux subssytem to trusted personnel only.
MitigationSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemcisa_csaf_ot
Limit access to the interactive shell of the additional GNU/Linux subssytem to trusted personnel only.
WorkaroundSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOSsiemens_psirt
Only build and run applications from trusted sources
WorkaroundSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOScisa_csaf_ot
Only build and run applications from trusted sources
No fix availableSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemsiemens_psirt
Currently no fix is available
No fix availableSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOSsiemens_psirt
Currently no fix is available
No fix availableSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemcisa_csaf_ot
Currently no fix is available
No fix availableSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOScisa_csaf_ot
Currently no fix is available

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

7.8

010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 6.5–7.8

v3.17.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Hprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 1.8 · impact 5.2

v3.17.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Hsecondary · CISA US

v3.17.8highAV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · FSTEC (BDU) RU

v3.17.3highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:Hsecondary · ENISA EU

v3.17.3highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:Hsecondaryexploitability 1.8 · impact 5.5

v3.17.1highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:Hsecondary · Siemens ProductCERT DE

v3.16.5mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)

v3.17.8highCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Hsecondary · SUSE Product Security

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

CWE-125USprimaryCWE-125USCWE-125USCWE-125US

affected products (68)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

Amazon Linux 2all versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:amazon:linux_2:-
Debian Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:-
Dell Avamarall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/a:dell:avamar:-
Dell NetWorker virtualall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/a:dell:networker:virtual
IBM DataPower Gatewayall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/a:ibm:datapower_gateway:-
Open Source Linux Kernelall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:-
Oracle Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:oracle:linux:-
RESF Rocky Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:resf:rocky_linux:-
Red Hat Enterprise Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:-
SUSE Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-
Siemens SIMATIC S7 1500 CPUall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/h:siemens:simatic_s7:1500_cpu
Ubuntu Linuxall versionscert_bundDEcpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:-
Dell Dell PowerProtect Data Domain <7.10.1.70< 7.10.1.70cert_bundDE
Dell Dell PowerProtect Data Domain <7.13.1.40< 7.13.1.40cert_bundDE
Dell Dell PowerProtect Data Domain <8.3.1.10< 8.3.1.10cert_bundDE
Dell Dell PowerProtect Data Domain <8.4.0.0< 8.4.0.0cert_bundDE
Dell Dell Secure Connect Gateway Appliance <5.32.00.18≤ Appliance <5.32.00.18cert_bundDE
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain< 7.10.1.70cert_bundDE
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain< 7.13.1.40cert_bundDE
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain< 8.3.1.10cert_bundDE

showing 20 of 68

advisories (8)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

RHSA-2026:2352security update for kernel2026-02-09csaf · suse_csafDE
security update for kernel
SSA-265688SSA-265688: Vulnerabilities in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.12024-04-09csaf · siemens_psirtDE
Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.1. Siemens has released a new version for SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem and recommends to update to the latest version. Siemens is preparing further fixes and recommends specific mitigations for products where fixes are not or not yet available. SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.1 is no longer maintained and there won't be any update to the CVE list anymore. Please update to the latest version. Note: This SSA advises vulnerabilities for firmware version V1.1 only; for version V1.1.1 refer to SSA-784472.
SSA-503939SSA-503939: Vulnerabilities in the BIOS of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP2025-03-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE
Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the BIOS of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP. Siemens is preparing fix versions and recommends specific countermeasures for products where fixes are not, or not yet available.
WID-SEC-W-2025-0119Linux Kernel: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2025-01-19csaf · cert_bundDE
Ein lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen oder andere nicht spezifizierte Auswirkungen zu verursachen.
WID-SEC-W-2025-1439Dell Secure Connect Gateway: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten AngriffDeutsch2025-06-30csaf · cert_bundDE
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell Secure Connect Gateway ausnutzen, um einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen.
WID-SEC-W-2026-2253IBM Security Verify Access: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2026-07-08csaf · cert_bundDE
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM Security Verify Access ausnutzen, um erweiterte Berechtigungen zu erlangen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, Daten zu manipulieren, sensible Informationen offenzulegen und andere, nicht näher bezeichnete Angriffe durchzuführen.
ICSA-24-102-01Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP2024-04-09icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS
Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.1. Siemens is preparing fix versions and recommends specific countermeasures for products where fixes are not, or not yet available.
ICSA-25-072-03Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP2025-03-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS
Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the BIOS of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP. Siemens is preparing fix versions and recommends specific countermeasures for products where fixes are not, or not yet available.

also known as (4)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

cnnvd enisa_euvd fstec_bdu cert_bund suse_csaf siemens_psirt cisa_csaf_ot NVD CVE.org MITRE

published 2025-01-19modified 2026-07-30

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+11771 more

references (24)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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