CVE-2025-13877
mediumpriority · track · 0OT risk · elevatedEPSS 0.003 · 23 %ileEUUSEPSS · scored 2026-10-27
A vulnerability was detected in nocobase up to 1.9.4/2.0.0-alpha.37. The affected element is an unknown function of the file nocobase\packages\core\auth\src\base\jwt-service.ts of the component JWT Service. The manipulation of the argument API_KEY results in use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The attack can be launched remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
cvss
Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.
base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · low–medium · 1.7–6.3
ssvc
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weaknesses
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affected products (46)
Products and version ranges known to be affected.
advisories (1)
Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.
- GHSA-mv7p-34fv-4874Authentication Bypass via Default JWT Secret in NocoBase docker-compose Deployments2025-12-09ghsa · osvUS
### Impact CVE-2025-13877 is an **authentication bypass vulnerability caused by insecure default JWT key usage** in NocoBase Docker deployments. Because the official one-click Docker deployment configuration historically provided a **public default JWT key**, attackers can **forge valid JWT tokens without possessing any legitimate credentials**. By constructing a token with a known `userId` (commonly the administrator account), an attacker can directly bypass authentication and authorization checks. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to: - Bypass authentication entirely - Impersonate arbitrary users - Gain full administrator privileges - Access sensitive business data - Create, modify, or delete users - Access cloud storage credentials and other protected secrets The vulnerability is **remotely exploitable**, requires **no authentication**, and **public proof-of-concept exploits are available**. This issue is functionally equivalent in impact to other JWT secret exposure vulnerabilities such as **CVE-2024-43441** and **CVE-2025-30206**. Deployments that used the default Docker configuration without explicitly overriding the JWT secret are affected. --- ### Patches ✅ The vulnerability has been **fully patched** through a secure JWT key management redesign. The remediation enforces the following security guarantees: - JWT secrets are no longer allowed to fall back to public default values. - Secrets must either: - Be explicitly provided by the user, or - Be securely generated using cryptographically strong randomness at first startup. - Generated secrets are persisted securely with restricted filesystem permissions. - Invalid or weak secret values immediately trigger a startup failure. ✅ Fixed Versions: - **NocoBase ≥ 1.9.23** - **NocoBase ≥ 1.9.0-beta.18** - **NocoBase ≥ 2.0.0-alpha.52** --- ### Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, the following temporary mitigations **must** be performed to reduce risk: 1. Explicitly set a **strong, randomly generated JWT secret** via environment variables `APP_KEY`. 2. **Restart all running NocoBase instances** so the new secret takes effect. 3. **Invalidate all existing JWT sessions**, forcing complete user re-authentication. 4. Verify that **no default secret values** are present in: - `docker-compose.yml` - `.env` files - Kubernetes Secrets --- ### References - **CVE Record:** CVE-2025-13877 - **VulDB Entry:** https://vuldb.com/?id.334033 - **Public Exploit Proof:** https://gist.github.com/H2u8s/f3ede60d7ecfe598ae452aa5a8fbb90d - **Affected Default Docker Configurations:** - https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/blob/main/docker/app-mysql/docker-compose.yml#L13 - https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/blob/main/docker/app-mariadb/docker-compose.yml#L13 - https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/blob/main/docker/app-postgres/docker-compose.yml#L11 - https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/blob/main/docker/app-sqlite/docker-compose.yml#L11 - **Official Deployment Documentation:** - https://docs.nocobase.com/welcome/getting-started/installation/docker-compose - https://v2.docs.nocobase.com/get-started/installation/docker
also known as (4)
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sources
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references (13)
External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.
- https://gist.github.com/H2u8s/f3ede60d7ecfe598ae452aa5a8fbb90dcnnvd
- https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/releasesPatchcnnvd
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.334033cnnvd
- https://vuldb.com/?id.334033cnnvd
- https://vuldb.com/?submit.692205cnnvd
- https://gist.github.com/H2u8s/f3ede60d7ecfe598ae452aa5a8fbb90denisa_euvd
- https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.334033enisa_euvd
- https://vuldb.com/?id.334033enisa_euvd
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