CVE-2024-29903

highpriority · track · 30EPSS 0.009 · 58 %ileDEEUUS
grimoire priorityP2 · Scheduled
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.85% (58th) EPSS
CVSS 7.5 · high
Is it mine?
7 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
5 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · osv · nvd

EPSS · scored 2026-10-22

Cosign provides code signing and transparency for containers and binaries. Prior to version 2.2.4, maliciously-crafted software artifacts can cause denial of service of the machine running Cosign thereby impacting all services on the machine. The root cause is that Cosign creates slices based on the number of signatures, manifests or attestations in untrusted artifacts. As such, the untrusted artifact can control the amount of memory that Cosign allocates. The exact issue is Cosign allocates excessive memory on the lines that creates a slice of the same length as the manifests. Version 2.2.4 contains a patch for the vulnerability.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

7.5
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 4.2–7.5

v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6
v3.14.2mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.14.2mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · security-advisories@github.comexploitability 0.5 · impact 3.6
v3.14.2mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · OSV
v3.16.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical Impact: partialcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (7)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

05

advisories (4)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • WID-SEC-W-2024-1707Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Offenlegung von InformationenDeutsch2024-07-24csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein entfernter, authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes ausnutzen, um Informationen offenzulegen.

  • GHSA-95pr-fxf5-86gvCosign malicious artifacts can cause machine-wide DoS2024-04-11ghsa · osvUS

    Maliciously-crafted software artifacts can cause denial of service of the machine running Cosign, thereby impacting all services on the machine. The root cause is that Cosign creates slices based on the number of signatures, manifests or attestations in untrusted artifacts. As such, the untrusted artifact can control the amount of memory that Cosign allocates. As an example, these lines demonstrate the problem: https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/286a98a4a99c1b2f32f84b0d560e324100312280/pkg/oci/remote/signatures.go#L56-L70 This `Get()` method gets the manifest of the image, allocates a slice equal to the length of the layers in the manifest, loops through the layers and adds a new signature to the slice. The exact issue is Cosign allocates excessive memory on the lines that creates a slice of the same length as the manifests. ## Remediation Update to the latest version of Cosign, where the number of attestations, signatures and manifests has been limited to a reasonable value. ## Cosign PoC In the case of this API (also referenced above): https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/286a98a4a99c1b2f32f84b0d560e324100312280/pkg/oci/remote/signatures.go#L56-L70 … The first line can contain a length that is safe for the system and will not throw a runtime panic or be blocked by other safety mechanisms. For the sake of argument, let’s say that the length of `m, err := s.Manifest()` is the max allowed (by the machine without throwing OOM panics) manifests minus 1. When Cosign then allocates a new slice on this line: `signatures := make([]oci.Signature, 0, len(m.Layers))`, Cosign will allocate more memory than is available and the machine will be denied of service, causing Cosign and all other services on the machine to be unavailable. To illustrate the issue here, we run a modified version of `TestSignedImageIndex()` in `pkg/oci/remote`: https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/14795db16417579fac0c00c11e166868d7976b61/pkg/oci/remote/index_test.go#L31-L57 Here, `wantLayers` is the number of manifests from these lines: https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/286a98a4a99c1b2f32f84b0d560e324100312280/pkg/oci/remote/signatures.go#L56-L60 To test this, we want to make `wantLayers` high enough to not cause a memory on its own but still trigger the machine-wide OOM when a slice gets create with the same length. On my local machine, it would take hours to create a slice of layers that fulfils that criteria, so instead I modify the Cosign production code to reflect a long list of manifests: ```golang // Get implements oci.Signatures func (s *sigs) Get() ([]oci.Signature, error) { m, err := s.Manifest() if err != nil { return nil, err } // Here we imitate a long list of manifests ms := make([]byte, 2600000000) // imitate a long list of manifests signatures := make([]oci.Signature, 0, len(ms)) panic("Done") //signatures := make([]oci.Signature, 0, len(m.Layers)) for _, desc := range m.Layers { ``` With this modified code, if we can cause an OOM without triggering the `panic("Done")`, we have succeeded.

  • BIT-cosign-2024-29903Cosign vulnerable to machine-wide denial of service via malicious artifacts2024-04-12vendor · osvUS

    Cosign provides code signing and transparency for containers and binaries. Prior to version 2.2.4, maliciously-crafted software artifacts can cause denial of service of the machine running Cosign thereby impacting all services on the machine. The root cause is that Cosign creates slices based on the number of signatures, manifests or attestations in untrusted artifacts. As such, the untrusted artifact can control the amount of memory that Cosign allocates. The exact issue is Cosign allocates excessive memory on the lines that creates a slice of the same length as the manifests. Version 2.2.4 contains a patch for the vulnerability.

  • GO-2024-2719Cosign malicious artifacts can cause machine-wide DoS in github.com/sigstore/cosign2024-06-05vendor · osvUS

    Cosign malicious artifacts can cause machine-wide DoS in github.com/sigstore/cosign

06

also known as (6)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

07

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

published 2024-04-10modified 2026-06-17
09

references (16)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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