CVE-2024-28860

mediumpriority · track · 27EPSS 0.002 · 7 %ileEUUS
grimoire priorityP3 · Track
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
0.17% (7th) EPSS
CVSS 6.8 · medium
Is it mine?
32 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
4 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · osv · nvd

EPSS · scored 2026-10-27

Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

01

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

8.0
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 6.2–8

v3.16.8mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:Nprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 1.6 · impact 5.2
v3.18highCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.18highCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · security-advisories@github.comexploitability 1.6 · impact 5.8
v3.18highCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:Nsecondary · OSV
v3.16.2mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
02

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical Impact: totalcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
03

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

04

affected products (32)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

showing 20 of 32
05

advisories (9)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • GHSA-pwqm-x5x6-5586Cilium has insecure IPsec transport encryption2024-03-28ghsa · osvUS

    ### Impact Users of [IPsec transparent encryption](https://docs.cilium.io/en/stable/security/network/encryption-ipsec/) in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to the following attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker: - Chosen plaintext attacks - Key recovery attacks - Replay attacks These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. **Important:** After upgrading, users must perform a key rotation using the instructions [here](https://docs.cilium.io/en/latest/security/network/encryption-ipsec/#key-rotation) to ensure that they are no longer vulnerable to this issue. Please note that the key rotation instructions have recently been updated, and users must use the new instructions to properly establish secure IPsec tunnels. To validate that the new instructions have been followed properly, ensure that the IPsec Kubernetes secret contains a "+" sign. ### Patches All prior versions of Cilium that support IPsec transparent encryption (Cilium 1.4 onwards) are affected by this issue. Patched versions: - Cilium 1.15.3 - Cilium 1.14.9 - Cilium 1.13.14 ### Workarounds There is no workaround to this issue. IPsec transparent encryption users are strongly encouraged to upgrade. ### Acknowledgements The Cilium community has worked together with members of Cure53 and Isovalent to prepare these mitigations. Special thanks to @NikAleksandrov and @pchaigno for their work on remediating the issue. Thanks to Marsh Ray, Senior Software Developer at Microsoft, for input and guidance on the fix. ### For more information If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please reach out on [Slack](https://docs.cilium.io/en/latest/community/community/#slack). As usual, if you think you found a related vulnerability, we strongly encourage you to report security vulnerabilities to our private security mailing list: [security@cilium.io](mailto:security@cilium.io) - first, before disclosing them in any public forums. This is a private mailing list where only members of the Cilium internal security team are subscribed to, and is treated as top priority.

  • BIT-cilium-2024-288602024-05-15vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-cilium-operator-2024-288602024-05-15vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-cilium-proxy-2024-288602024-07-01vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-hubble-2024-288602024-06-04vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-hubble-relay-2024-288602024-05-24vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-hubble-ui-2024-288602024-07-01vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • BIT-hubble-ui-backend-2024-288602024-07-01vendor · osvUS

    Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. Users of IPsec transparent encryption in Cilium may be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks that render the transparent encryption ineffective. In particular, Cilium is vulnerable to chosen plaintext, key recovery, replay attacks by a man-in-the-middle attacker. These attacks are possible due to an ESP sequence number collision when multiple nodes are configured with the same key. Fixed versions of Cilium use unique keys for each IPsec tunnel established between nodes, resolving all of the above attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.13, 1.14.9, and 1.15.3.

  • GO-2024-2666Insecure IPsec transparent encryption in github.com/cilium/cilium2024-04-16vendor · osvUS

    Insecure IPsec transparent encryption in github.com/cilium/cilium

06

also known as (12)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

07

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

published 2024-03-27modified 2026-06-17
08

references (17)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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