CVE-2023-40015
mediumpriority · track · 21EPSS 0.005 · 42 %ileEUUSEPSS · scored 2026-10-27
Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language. For the following (probably non-exhaustive) list of expressions, the compiler evaluates the arguments from right to left instead of left to right. `unsafe_add, unsafe_sub, unsafe_mul, unsafe_div, pow_mod256, |, &, ^ (bitwise operators), bitwise_or (deprecated), bitwise_and (deprecated), bitwise_xor (deprecated), raw_call, <, >, <=, >=, ==, !=, in, not in (when lhs and rhs are enums)`. This behaviour becomes a problem when the evaluation of one of the arguments produces side effects that other arguments depend on. The following expressions can produce side-effect: state modifying external call , state modifying internal call, `raw_call`, `pop()` when used on a Dynamic Array stored in the storage, `create_minimal_proxy_to`, `create_copy_of`, `create_from_blueprint`. This issue has not yet been patched. Users are advised to make sure that the arguments of the expression do not produce side effects or, if one does, that no other argument is dependent on those side effects.
cvss
Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.
base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · low–medium · 3.7–5.3
ssvc
A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.
weaknesses
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affected products (4)
Products and version ranges known to be affected.
advisories (2)
Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.
- GHSA-g2xh-c426-v8mfVyper: reversed order of side effects for some operations2023-09-04ghsa · osvUS
### Impact For the following (probably non-exhaustive) list of expressions, the compiler evaluates the arguments from right to left instead of left to right. ``` - unsafe_add - unsafe_sub - unsafe_mul - unsafe_div - pow_mod256 - |, &, ^ (bitwise operators) - bitwise_or (deprecated) - bitwise_and (deprecated) - bitwise_xor (deprecated) - raw_call - <, >, <=, >=, ==, != - in, not in (when lhs and rhs are enums) ``` This behaviour becomes a problem when the evaluation of one of the arguments produces side effects that other arguments depend on. The following expressions can produce side-effect: - state modifying external call - state modifying internal call - `raw_call` - `pop()` when used on a Dynamic Array stored in the storage - `create_minimal_proxy_to` - `create_copy_of` - `create_from_blueprint` For example: ```Vyper f:uint256 @internal def side_effect() -> uint256: self.f = 12 return 1 @external def foo() -> uint256: return unsafe_add(self.f,self.side_effect()) # returns 13 instead of 1 ``` ```Vyper a:DynArray[uint256, 12] @external def bar() -> bool: self.a = [1,2,3] return len(self.a) == self.a.pop() # return false instead of true ``` ### Patches not yet patched, will address in a future release. tracking in https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/issues/3604. ### Workarounds When using expressions from the list above, make sure that the arguments of the expression do not produce side effects or, if one does, that no other argument is dependent on those side effects. ### References _Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_
- PYSEC-2023-1672023-09-04vendor · osvUS
Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language. For the following (probably non-exhaustive) list of expressions, the compiler evaluates the arguments from right to left instead of left to right. `unsafe_add, unsafe_sub, unsafe_mul, unsafe_div, pow_mod256, |, &, ^ (bitwise operators), bitwise_or (deprecated), bitwise_and (deprecated), bitwise_xor (deprecated), raw_call, <, >, <=, >=, ==, !=, in, not in (when lhs and rhs are enums)`. This behaviour becomes a problem when the evaluation of one of the arguments produces side effects that other arguments depend on. The following expressions can produce side-effect: state modifying external call , state modifying internal call, `raw_call`, `pop()` when used on a Dynamic Array stored in the storage, `create_minimal_proxy_to`, `create_copy_of`, `create_from_blueprint`. This issue has not yet been patched. Users are advised to make sure that the arguments of the expression do not produce side effects or, if one does, that no other argument is dependent on those side effects.
also known as (6)
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sources
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references (4)
External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.
- https://cxsecurity.com/cveshow/CVE-2023-40015/cnnvd
- https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-g2xh-c426-v8mfcnnvd
- https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-g2xh-c426-v8mfenisa_euvd
- https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-g2xh-c426-v8mfExploitThird Party Advisorynvd
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