CVE-2022-4450

highpriority · track · 40EPSS 0.286 · 98 %ileDEEUNLRUUS
grimoire priorityP1 · Urgent
Exploitable?
—
no known exploitation
Likely / severe?
28.6% (98th) EPSS
CVSS 7.5 · high
Is it mine?
138 products
Check your exposure
Who says so?
8 sources
cnnvd · enisa_euvd · fstec_bdu · osv

EPSS · scored 2026-10-23

The function PEM_read_bio_ex() reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g. "CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. The caller is responsible for freeing those buffers. It is possible to construct a PEM file that results in 0 bytes of payload data. In this case PEM_read_bio_ex() will return a failure code but will populate the header argument with a pointer to a buffer that has already been freed. If the caller also frees this buffer then a double free will occur. This will most likely lead to a crash. This could be exploited by an attacker who has the ability to supply malicious PEM files for parsing to achieve a denial of service attack. The functions PEM_read_bio() and PEM_read() are simple wrappers around PEM_read_bio_ex() and therefore these functions are also directly affected. These functions are also called indirectly by a number of other OpenSSL functions including PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio_ex() and SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo_file() which are also vulnerable. Some OpenSSL internal uses of these functions are not vulnerable because the caller does not free the header argument if PEM_read_bio_ex() returns a failure code. These locations include the PEM_read_bio_TYPE() functions as well as the decoders introduced in OpenSSL 3.0. The OpenSSL asn1parse command line application is also impacted by this issue.

01

remediations

Vendor fix, mitigation, or workaround guidance, as published by each source.

A vendor fix is available.

02

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

7.5
010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 5.9–7.5

v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6
v3.06.5mediumCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · CISA US
v3.17.5highAV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · FSTEC (BDU) RU
v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · ENISA EU
v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondaryexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6
v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · OSV
v3.15.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · Siemens ProductCERT DE
v3.16.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)
v3.17.5highCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · NCSC-NL NL
v3.15.9mediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:Hsecondary · CISA US
03

ssvc

A stakeholder decision — act, attend, or track — from exploitation and impact.

Exploitation: none · Automatable: yes · Technical Impact: partialcoordinatorcisa_ssvcUS
04

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

CWE-415USprimaryCWE-415USCWE-415USCWE-415USCWE-415USCWE-415US
05

affected products (138)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

showing 20 of 138
06

advisories (38)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

  • NCSC-2024-0246Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Siemens productenNL2024-06-11csaf · ncsc_nlNL

    Siemens heeft kwetsbaarheden verholpen in diverse producten, zoals SCALANCE, SICAM, Tecnomatix, SITOP en PowerSys.

  • NCSC-2025-0061Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Siemens productenNL2025-02-14csaf · ncsc_nlNL

    Siemens heeft kwetsbaarheden verholpen in diverse producten als APOGEE, Opcenter, RUGGEDCOM, SCALANCE, SIMATIC, SIPROTEC en Teamcenter.

  • SSA-203374SSA-203374: Multiple OpenSSL Vulnerabilities in SCALANCE W1750D Devices2023-03-14csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    The SCALANCE W1750D device contains multiple vulnerabilities in the integrated OpenSSL component that could allow an attacker to read memory contents, decrypt RSA-encrypted messages or create a denial of service condition. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-337522SSA-337522: Multiple Vulnerabilities in TIM 1531 IRC before V2.4.82024-06-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-398330SSA-398330: Vulnerabilities in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP >= V3.1.0 and < V3.1.52023-12-12csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the firmware version >= V3.1.0 and < V3.1.5 for the SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP (incl. SIPLUS variant). These GNU/Linux vulnerabilities have been externally identified. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions. SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP >= V3.1.0 and < V3.1.5 are no longer maintained and there won't be any update to the CVE list anymore. Please update to the latest version. Note: This SSA advises vulnerabilities for firmware version V3.1 only; for versions < V3.1 refer to Siemens Security Bulletin SSB-439005 (https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssb-439005.html).

  • SSA-556635SSA-556635: Multiple Vulnerabilities in Telecontrol Server Basic before V3.1.2.02024-04-09csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    Siemens has released a new version for Telecontrol Server Basic that fixes multiple vulnerabilities.

  • SSA-561322SSA-561322: Multiple Vulnerabilities in SIMATIC MV500 Devices before V3.3.42023-07-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    SIMATIC MV500 devices before V3.3.4 are affected by multiple vulnerabilities in the web server and several third-party components. Siemens has released updates for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-625862SSA-625862: Multiple Vulnerabilities in Third-Party Components in SIMATIC CP 1542SP-1 and CP 1543SP-1 before V2.32024-06-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    SIMATIC CP 1542SP-1 and CP 1543SP-1 before V2.3 are affected by multiple vulnerabilities in third-party components and the integrated web server. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-699386SSA-699386: Multiple Vulnerabilities in SCALANCE XB-200 / XC-200 / XP-200 / XF-200BA / XR-300WG Family before V4.52023-11-14csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    SCALANCE XB-200/XC-200/XP-200/XF-200BA/XR-300WG Family before V4.5 is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released updates for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-769027SSA-769027: Multiple Vulnerabilities fixed in SCALANCE W700 IEEE 802.11ax devices before V3.0.02025-02-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    SCALANCE W-700 IEEE 802.11ax family devices are affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-794697SSA-794697: Vulnerabilities in the Additional GNU/Linux Subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP Before V1.12023-06-13csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.0. Siemens has released a new version for SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem and recommends to update to the latest version. SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.0 is no longer maintained and there won't be any update to the CVE list anymore. Please update to the latest version. This advisory lists vulnerabilities for firmware version V1.0 only; for V1.1 refer to Siemens Security Advisory SSA-265688 (https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html).

  • SSA-879734SSA-879734: Multiple Vulnerabilities in SCALANCE XM-400/XR-500 before V6.6.12024-06-11csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • SSA-943925SSA-943925: Multiple Vulnerabilities in SINEC NMS before V2.0 SP12024-02-13csaf · siemens_psirtDE

    SINEC NMS before V2.0 SP1 is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released an update for SINEC NMS and recommends to update to the latest version.

  • WID-SEC-W-2023-0304OpenSSL: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2023-02-07csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein entfernter, authentisierter oder anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in OpenSSL ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, Informationen offenzulegen oder Chiffretext über ein Netzwerk wiederherzustellen.

  • WID-SEC-W-2023-1424Xerox FreeFlow Print Server für Solaris: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2023-06-12csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Xerox FreeFlow Print Server ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Verfügbarkeit und Integrität des Systems zu gefährden.

  • WID-SEC-W-2023-1432Siemens SIMATIC S7: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2023-06-12csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer aus dem angrenzenden Netzwerk oder ein entfernter, anonymer, authentisierter, physischer oder lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Siemens SIMATIC S7 ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen, seine Privilegien zu erweitern und Daten zu manipulieren.

  • WID-SEC-W-2023-1812Oracle Communications: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2023-07-18csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Oracle Communications ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Integrität und Verfügbarkeit zu gefährden.

  • WID-SEC-W-2024-0114Oracle Systems: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2024-01-16csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Oracle Systems ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Integrität und Verfügbarkeit zu gefährden.

  • WID-SEC-W-2024-0794Dell ECS: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2024-04-04csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell ECS ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erweitern, beliebigen Programmcode mit Administratorrechten auszuführen, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren, einen Cross-Site-Scripting-Angriff durchzuführen, Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen oder einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen.

  • WID-SEC-W-2024-1591Juniper JUNOS: Mehrere SchwachstellenDeutsch2024-07-10csaf · cert_bundDE

    Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Juniper JUNOS ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service zu verursachen, Informationen offenzulegen, Privilegien zu erweitern und Sicherheitsmechanismen inklusive zu umgehen.

  • GHSA-v5w6-wcm8-jm4qopenssl-src contains Double free after calling `PEM_read_bio_ex`2023-02-08ghsa · osvUS

    The function `PEM_read_bio_ex()` reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g. "CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. The caller is responsible for freeing those buffers. It is possible to construct a PEM file that results in 0 bytes of payload data. In this case `PEM_read_bio_ex()` will return a failure code but will populate the header argument with a pointer to a buffer that has already been freed. If the caller also frees this buffer then a double free will occur. This will most likely lead to a crash. This could be exploited by an attacker who has the ability to supply malicious PEM files for parsing to achieve a denial of service attack. The functions `PEM_read_bio()` and `PEM_read()` are simple wrappers around `PEM_read_bio_ex()` and therefore these functions are also directly affected. These functions are also called indirectly by a number of other OpenSSL functions including `PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio_ex()` and `SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo_file()` which are also vulnerable. Some OpenSSL internal uses of these functions are not vulnerable because the caller does not free the header argument if `PEM_read_bio_ex()` returns a failure code. These locations include the `PEM_read_bio_TYPE()` functions as well as the decoders introduced in OpenSSL 3.0.

  • ICSA-23-075-04Siemens SCALANCE W1750D Devices2023-03-14icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    The SCALANCE W1750D device contains multiple vulnerabilities in the integrated OpenSSL component that could allow an attacker to read memory contents, decrypt RSA-encrypted messages or create a denial of service condition. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-23-166-11Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP Linux Kernel2023-06-13icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.0. Siemens has released a new version for SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem and recommends to update to the latest version. This advisory lists vulnerabilities for firmware version V1.0 only; for V1.1 refer to Siemens Security Advisory SSA-265688 ( https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html).

  • ICSA-23-194-04Siemens SIMATIC MV500 Devices2023-07-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    SIMATIC MV500 devices before V3.3.4 are affected by multiple vulnerabilities in the web server and several third-party components. Siemens has released updates for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-23-229-01ICONICS and Mitsubishi Electric Products2023-08-17icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in information disclosure, denial-of-service, or remote code execution.

  • ICSA-23-255-01Hitachi Energy Lumada APM Edge2023-09-12icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition or disclosure of sensitive information.

  • ICSA-23-278-03Mitsubishi Electric CC-Link IE TSN Industrial Managed Switch (Update A)2023-10-05icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in disclosure of information stored in the product by sending specially crafted packets or could cause a denial-of service (DoS) condition by getting a legitimate user to import a specially crafted certificate.

  • ICSA-23-320-08Siemens SCALANCE Family Products2023-11-14icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    SCALANCE XB-200/XC-200/XP-200/XF-200BA/XR-300WG Family before V4.5 is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released updates for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-23-348-10Siemens SIMATIC S7-15002023-12-12icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the firmware version >= V3.1.0 and < V3.1.5 for the SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP (incl. SIPLUS variant). These GNU/Linux vulnerabilities have been externally identified. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions. Note: This SSA advises vulnerabilities for firmware version V3.1 only; for versions < V3.1 refer to Siemens Security Bulletin SSB-439005 ( https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssb-439005.html).

  • ICSA-24-004-02Mitsubishi Electric Factory Automation Products2024-01-04icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could disclose information in the product or could cause denial-of-service (DoS) condition.

  • ICSA-24-046-15Siemens SINEC NMS2024-02-13icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    SINEC NMS before V2.0 SP1 is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released an update for SINEC NMS and recommends to update to the latest version.

  • ICSA-24-165-06Siemens TIM 1531 IRC2024-06-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-24-165-10Siemens SIMATIC and SIPLUS2024-06-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    SIMATIC CP 1542SP-1 and CP 1543SP-1 before V2.3 are affected by multiple vulnerabilities in third-party components and the integrated web server. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-24-165-11Siemens SCALANCE XM-400, XR-5002024-06-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-24-205-02Hitachi Energy AFS/AFR Series Products2024-07-23icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to create a denial-of-service condition.

  • ICSA-25-044-09Siemens SCALANCE W700 IEEE 802.11ax2025-02-11icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    SCALANCE W-700 IEEE 802.11ax family devices are affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Siemens has released new versions for the affected products and recommends to update to the latest versions.

  • ICSA-25-065-01Hitachi Energy PCU4002025-02-25icsa · cisa_csaf_otUS

    Hitachi Energy is aware of the multiple vulnerabilities related to various versions of OpenSSL library components used in PCU400 versions listed in this document below for IEC62351-3 secure for IEC104/DNP3 or PCULogger tool. These vulnerabilities if exploited, can cause confidentiality and availability impacts. Refer to the Recommended Immediate Actions for information about the available mitigation/remediation strategies.

  • RUSTSEC-2023-0010Double free after calling `PEM_read_bio_ex`2023-02-07vendor · osvUS

    The function `PEM_read_bio_ex()` reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g. "CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. The caller is responsible for freeing those buffers. It is possible to construct a PEM file that results in 0 bytes of payload data. In this case `PEM_read_bio_ex()` will return a failure code but will populate the header argument with a pointer to a buffer that has already been freed. If the caller also frees this buffer then a double free will occur. This will most likely lead to a crash. This could be exploited by an attacker who has the ability to supply malicious PEM files for parsing to achieve a denial of service attack. The functions `PEM_read_bio()` and `PEM_read()` are simple wrappers around `PEM_read_bio_ex()` and therefore these functions are also directly affected. These functions are also called indirectly by a number of other OpenSSL functions including `PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio_ex()` and `SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo_file()` which are also vulnerable. Some OpenSSL internal uses of these functions are not vulnerable because the caller does not free the header argument if `PEM_read_bio_ex()` returns a failure code. These locations include the `PEM_read_bio_TYPE()` functions as well as the decoders introduced in OpenSSL 3.0.

07

also known as (6)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

08

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

cnnvdenisa_euvdfstec_bduosvcert_bundcisa_csaf_otncsc_nlsiemens_psirtNVDCVE.orgMITRE
published 2023-02-08modified 2026-10-14
10

references (57)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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