CVE-2016-4431

mediumpriority · track · 33EPSS 0.098 · 96 %ileEURUUS

grimoire priorityP3 · Track

Exploitable?

—

no known exploitation

Likely / severe?

9.75% (96th) EPSS

CVSS 5 · medium

Is it mine?

10 products

Check your exposure

Who says so?

5 sources

cnnvd · enisa_euvd · fstec_bdu · nvd

EPSS · scored 2026-10-28

Apache Struts 2 2.3.20 through 2.3.28.1 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and conduct redirection attacks by leveraging a default method.

cvss

Technical severity, 0–10. One row per scoring source.

7.5

010

base score 0–10 · higher = more severe · hover a vector to decode⚠ sources disagree · medium–high · 5–7.5

v2.05mediumAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:Nprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 10 · impact 2.9

v3.07.5highCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Nprimary · NVD / NIST USexploitability 3.9 · impact 3.6

v2.05mediumAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:Nsecondary · FSTEC (BDU) RU

v3.07.5highCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:Nsecondary · OSV

v3.06.9mediumCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N/E:Usecondary · CVSS-BT (t0sche)

weaknesses

The CWE weakness classes this flaw belongs to.

CWE-20USprimaryCWE-20USCWE-20US

affected products (10)

Products and version ranges known to be affected.

n/a n/a≤ n/aenisa_euvdEU
Apache Software Foundation Struts2.3.20 → 2.3.28.1fstec_bduRU
apache struts= 2.3.20nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.20.1nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.20.3nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.24nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.24.1nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.24.3nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts= 2.3.28nvdUScpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Maven org.apache.struts:struts-parent2.3.20 → 2.3.29osvUSpkg:maven/org.apache.struts/struts-parent

advisories (1)

Vendor and ecosystem advisories describing this.

GHSA-vq79-mgpx-2wx4Apache Struts Access Control Redirect2022-05-17ghsa · osvUS
Apache Struts 2 2.3.20 through 2.3.28.1 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and conduct redirection attacks by leveraging a default method.

also known as (6)

Other names and identifiers for this entity.

sources

Which sources assert this record, and when.

cnnvd enisa_euvd fstec_bdu nvd osv NVD CVE.org MITRE

published 2016-07-04modified 2026-06-17

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references (18)

External citations — patches, advisories, analysis.

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