T1495 Firmware Corruption
EnterpriseAdversaries may overwrite or corrupt the flash memory contents of system BIOS or other firmware in devices attached to a system in order to render them inoperable or unable to boot, thus denying the availability to use the devices and/or the system. Firmware is software that is loaded and executed from non-volatile memory on hardware devices in order to initialize and manage device functionality. These devices may include the motherboard, hard drive, or video cards. In general, adversaries may manipulate, overwrite, or corrupt firmware in order to deny the use of the system or devices. For example, corruption of firmware responsible for loading the operating system for network devices may render the network devices inoperable. Depending on the device, this attack may also result in Data Destruction.
platforms
Platforms this applies to.
tactics
ATT&CK tactics this technique serves.
mitigations
ATT&CK mitigations that reduce this.
detected by (4)
Data components that detect this.
NIST CSF 2.0 — areas of relevance (Protect / Detect)
NIST CSF 2.0 areas this most relates to (evidence-ranked).
- PR.PSPlatform Securitystrong · backed by 9 of 16 mapped controls
- PR.AAIdentity Management, Authentication, and Access Controlmoderate · backed by 6 of 16 mapped controls
- ID.RARisk Assessmentmoderate · backed by 5 of 16 mapped controls
Derived from MITRE CTID (Apache-2.0) and the NIST 800-53 ↔ CSF crosswalk (public domain). Indicative relevance along the Protect/Detect axis — not a compliance assessment or coverage claim.
mitigating controls (16)
Security controls that mitigate this.
known-exploited CVEs (2)
Related CVEs.
| ID | severity | exploitable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2025-21480US | —OT critical | KEV | ||
Memory corruption due to unauthorized command execution in GPU micronode while executing specific sequence of commands. | ||||
| CVE-2024-54085US | critical9.8OT critical | KEV | ||
AMI’s SPx contains
a vulnerability in the BMC where an Attacker may bypass authentication remotely through the Redfish Host Interface. A successful exploitation
of this vulnerabili… | ||||
attack patterns (1)
CAPEC attack patterns that exploit this.
software (2)
Malware and tools associated with this.
campaigns (1)
Campaigns that use this.
Detected by (Sigma) (1)
Sigma detection rules related to this.
source
Where this definition is published.