T1133 External Remote Services

Enterprise

Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network. Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms allow users to connect to internal enterprise network resources from external locations. There are often remote service gateways that manage connections and credential authentication for these services. Services such as Windows Remote Management and VNC can also be used externally. Access to Valid Accounts to use the service is often a requirement, which could be obtained through credential pharming or by obtaining the credentials from users after compromising the enterprise network. Access to remote services may be used as a redundant or persistent access mechanism during an operation. Access may also be gained through an exposed service that doesn’t require authentication. In containerized environments, this may include an exposed Docker API, Kubernetes API server, kubelet, or web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard. Adversaries may also establish persistence on network by configuring a Tor hidden service on a compromised system. Adversaries may utilize the tool `ShadowLink` to facilitate the installation and configuration of the Tor hidden service. Tor hidden service is then accessible via the Tor network because `ShadowLink` sets up a.onion address on the compromised system. `ShadowLink` may be used to forward any inbound connections to RDP, allowing the adversaries to have remote access. Adversaries may get `ShadowLink` to persist on a system by masquerading it as an MS Defender application.

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platforms

Platforms this applies to.

ContainersLinuxmacOSWindows
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tactics

ATT&CK tactics this technique serves.

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mitigations

ATT&CK mitigations that reduce this.

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countered by (D3FEND)

D3FEND countermeasures that counter this.

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NIST CSF 2.0 — areas of relevance (Protect / Detect)

NIST CSF 2.0 areas this most relates to (evidence-ranked).

Derived from MITRE CTID (Apache-2.0) and the NIST 800-53 ↔ CSF crosswalk (public domain). Indicative relevance along the Protect/Detect axis — not a compliance assessment or coverage claim.

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known-exploited CVEs (25)

Related CVEs.

IDseverity exploitable
CVE-2025-32756UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiCamera 2.1.0 through 2.1.3, FortiCamera 2.0 all versions, FortiCamera 1.1 all versions, FortiMa…
CVE-2024-11120UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
Certain EOL GeoVision devices have an OS Command Injection vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability to inject and execute arbitrary system com…
CVE-2024-45195UShigh7.5OT criticalKEV
Direct Request ('Forced Browsing') vulnerability in Apache OFBiz. This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.16. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 18.12.16, which fi…
CVE-2023-48365UScritical9.9OT criticalKEV
Qlik Sense Enterprise for Windows before August 2023 Patch 2 allows unauthenticated remote code execution, aka QB-21683. Due to improper validation of HTTP headers, a remote attack…
CVE-2023-39780UShigh8.8OT criticalKEV
On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token…
CVE-2023-20269UScritical9.1OT criticalKEV
A vulnerability in the remote access VPN feature of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticate…
CVE-2023-27532UShigh7.5OT criticalKEV
Vulnerability in Veeam Backup & Replication component allows encrypted credentials stored in the configuration database to be obtained. This may lead to gaining access to the backu…
CVE-2022-20699UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Small Business RV160, RV260, RV340, and RV345 Series Routers could allow an attacker to do any of the following: Execute arbitrary code Elevate pr…
CVE-2021-1498UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco HyperFlex HX could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an…
CVE-2021-1497UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco HyperFlex HX could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an…
CVE-2021-22986UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3 amd BIG-IQ 7.1.0.x before 7.1.0.3 and 7.…
CVE-2021-26857USmedium6.8OT criticalKEV
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE-2021-26855UShigh7.5OT criticalKEV
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE-2020-25506UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
D-Link DNS-320 FW v2.06B01 Revision Ax is affected by command injection in the system_mgr.cgi component, which can lead to remote arbitrary code execution.
CVE-2020-1472UShigh9.3OT criticalKEV
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when an attacker establishes a vulnerable Netlogon secure channel connection to a domain controller, using the Netlogon Remote Protoc…
CVE-2019-5591USmedium6.5OT criticalKEV
A Default Configuration vulnerability in FortiOS may allow an unauthenticated attacker on the same subnet to intercept sensitive information by impersonating the LDAP server.
CVE-2020-5902UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Co…
CVE-2020-8515UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
DrayTek Vigor2960 1.3.1_Beta, Vigor3900 1.4.4_Beta, and Vigor300B 1.3.3_Beta, 1.4.2.1_Beta, and 1.4.4_Beta devices allow remote code execution as root (without authentication) via…
CVE-2019-19781UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
An issue was discovered in Citrix Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and Gateway 10.5, 11.1, 12.0, 12.1, and 13.0. They allow Directory Traversal.
CVE-2019-0708UScritical9.8OT criticalKEV
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Remote Desktop Services formerly known as Terminal Services when an unauthenticated attacker connects to the target system using RDP…
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attack patterns (1)

CAPEC attack patterns that exploit this.

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groups (28)

Threat groups associated with this.

11

software (5)

Malware and tools associated with this.

13

Detected by (Sigma) (20)

Sigma detection rules related to this.

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source

Where this definition is published.