T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information
EnterpriseAdversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information for User Execution. The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. Adversaries may also abuse Command Obfuscation to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via Command and Scripting Interpreter. Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.
platforms
Platforms this applies to.
tactics
ATT&CK tactics this technique serves.
sub-techniques (18)
More specific entries beneath this one.
mitigations
ATT&CK mitigations that reduce this.
detected by (7)
Data components that detect this.
NIST CSF 2.0 — areas of relevance (Protect / Detect)
NIST CSF 2.0 areas this most relates to (evidence-ranked).
- PR.PSPlatform Securitystrong · backed by 5 of 8 mapped controls
- PR.DSData Securitystrong · backed by 4 of 8 mapped controls
- DE.CMContinuous Monitoringmoderate · backed by 3 of 8 mapped controls
Derived from MITRE CTID (Apache-2.0) and the NIST 800-53 ↔ CSF crosswalk (public domain). Indicative relevance along the Protect/Detect axis — not a compliance assessment or coverage claim.
mitigating controls (8)
Security controls that mitigate this.
known-exploited CVEs (5)
Related CVEs.
| ID | severity | exploitable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-24086US | high10.0OT critical | KEV | ||
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.3-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7-p2 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability during the checkout process. Exploitation of th… | ||||
| CVE-2021-44077US | critical9.8OT critical | KEV | ||
Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus before 11306, ServiceDesk Plus MSP before 10530, and SupportCenter Plus before 11014 are vulnerable to unauthenticated remote code execution. Thi… | ||||
| CVE-2021-40449US | medium4.6OT critical | KEV | ||
Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability | ||||
| CVE-2021-40539US | critical9.8OT critical | KEV | ||
Zoho ManageEngine ADSelfService Plus version 6113 and prior is vulnerable to REST API authentication bypass with resultant remote code execution. | ||||
| CVE-2010-2883US | high7.3OT critical | KEV | ||
Stack-based buffer overflow in CoolType.dll in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.4, and 8.x before 8.2.5 on Windows and Mac OS X, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary c… | ||||
attack patterns (2)
CAPEC attack patterns that exploit this.
groups (19)
Threat groups associated with this.
software (142)
Malware and tools associated with this.
campaigns (4)
Campaigns that use this.
Detected by (Sigma) (95)
Sigma detection rules related to this.
source
Where this definition is published.